前瞻因應理論觀點應用於中高齡退休從事志願服務者生產性老化之研究
蔡旻青、胡夢鯨
10.6283/JOCSG.202309_11(3).232
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中文摘要 面對高齡少子化，個人對未來宜提早規劃與準備，倘能以預防性與積極性的前瞻思維接受老化的來臨，提前預備與持續學習健康促進生活型態，有助於避免與消除晚年生活潛在壓力。本研究主要目的包括：(1)瞭解以志願服務形式實現生產性老化(productive aging)退休者之內涵與效益；(2)探討從事志願服務者生產性老化的前瞻因應特質；(3)了解退休後依然活躍者的前瞻因應特質及與生產性老化之關係。本研究以質性研究方法，採立意取樣，半結構式深度訪談法，應用前瞻因應理論，以滾雪球的方式，選取八位參與志願服務工作三年以上之中高齡退休者為研究對象，進行訪談，以蒐集資料並進行分析。研究結果發現，在以志願服務形式實現生產性老化退休者之內涵與效益方面：(1)退休者貢獻類型符合生產性老化之工作就業、個人成長、家庭照顧及社會參與類型，效益顯現於個人、家庭及社區層面；(2)高齡者積極參與社會可以增強和保持身體、心理和認知健康；(3)實現志願服務的生產性老化可利己利他，帶來成就感與價值感。生產性老化者的前瞻因應特質包括：(1)能夠預見未來，在退休前會預作準備與規劃；(2)透過擔任志工及學習技能累積資源；(3)設定理想與生命目標，採行適合自身的因應策略逐步實現。在前瞻因應與生產性老化關係之分析部分：(1)前瞻因應是生產性老化的寶貴策略；(2)生產性老化透過前瞻因應，具有加乘正向循環的效果。
關鍵字：生產性老化、前瞻因應、退休規劃
文章建立時間：2023-09-18
引用格式(APA)：
蔡旻青、胡夢鯨(2023)。 前瞻因應理論觀點應用於中高齡退休從事志願服務者生產性老化之研究。
福祉科技與服務管理學刊， 11(3)， 232-253。
Research about the Applications of Proactive Coping Theory to the Productive Aging of Retired Middle-aged and Older Adults Who Offer Voluntary Service
Tsay, M.-C., Hu, M.-C.
English Abstract Facing the aging and declining birth rate, we should plan and prepare for the future in advance. If we can accept the coming of aging with preventive and proactive thinking, prepare in advance and continue to learn about health promotion lifestyle, it will help to avoid and eliminate potential stress in later life. The main purpose of this research is as follows: (1) To understand the contents and benefits of productive aging retirees in the form of voluntary service; (2) To explore the proactive coping characteristics of the productive aging retirees who offer voluntary service; (3) To understand the relationship between the productive aging and the proactive coping characteristics of those active retired people. This research adopts qualitative research method, purposive sampling, snowball method and semi-structured depth interviews. The participants are eight middle-aged elderly retirees who have taken part in voluntary service for more than three years, with perspectives of proactive coping to collect information and analyze it.The results of the study are divided into three parts: the first part is in terms of the contents and benefits of productive aging retirees in the form of voluntary service: (1) The contribution types of retired people conform to the types of work employment, personal growth, family care and social participation in productive aging, and the benefits are manifested in individuals, families and communities; (2) The active participation of the older adults in society can enhance and maintain physical, mental and cognitive health; (3) Participating in volunteer service of productive aging can benefit oneself and others, bring a sense of accomplishment and value. The second part is that the proactive coping characteristics of the productive aging retirees include: (1) they can foresee the future, and well prepared and plan in advance before retirement; (2) they accumulate resources through serving as volunteers and learning skills; (3) they are setting ideals and life goals, adopting suitable coping strategies to implement step by step. The third part is in the analysis of the relationship between the proactive coping and productive aging, we find out (1) proactive coping could be a valuable strategy for productive aging; (2) through proactive coping, the productive aging can reach to multiplier effect and positive circle.Keywords：productive aging, proactive coping, retirement planning